Pantanal and its Region

Amazon Rainforest

The Amazon Forest extends over nine south american countries, with a portion of approximately 60% located in Brazilian territory.

The Brazilian Amazon passes through the territories of northern states such as Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Pará and Roraima, and part of the territory of Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Rondônia and Tocantins. The Amazon is formed by different ecosystems such as dense upland forests, seasonal forests, igapó forests, flooded fields, floodplains, savannas, mountain refuges and pioneer formations. About 16% of its area have already been devastated, which is equivalent to two and a half times the area of the state of São Paulo.

Deforestation, fires, mining, agro-grazing and biopiracy represent the main environmental problems faced by the Amazon biome. These devastating actions are responsible for serious climate changes across the planet, such as global warming. The Amazon is considered a great atmospheric “cooler” and the largest shelter for biodiversity in the world.

Research indicates that in the Amazon there are about thirty million animal species. There are some animals that are still unknown to men.

There are many animals living in this great ecosystem. Perhaps the most famous of them are monkeys. They are numerous: white cheeked spider monkey, howler monkeys, woolly monkeys, among others. A multitude of primates can be found in the branches of Amazonian trees. In addition to them, there are other terrestrial mammals, such as jaguars, anteaters, squirrels, and aquatic mammals, such as manatees and porpoises.

Reptiles also have guaranteed territory. We can see lizards, alligators, turtles and snakes. Among amphibians, there are several types of frogs, toads and tree frogs. A large collection of fish is another noteworthy fact: in the Amazon waters there are 85% of fish species from all over South America. Every year thousands of them migrate trying to find suitable places for breeding and spawning. It is called Piracema.

Other even smaller beings are of great importance in the balance of this ecosystem: insects. They are on land, in water and in the air, for example: beetles, ants, moths and wasps are part of the group that is the majority in the Amazon fauna. There is also a wide variety of birds in the forest, such as macaws, parrots, parakeets and several others. One of them is the toucans coloring the treetops. Over a thousand species of birds have already been cataloged.

In the Amazon region it rains a lot and the temperature is high, usually varying between 22ºC and 28ºC. It is called the humid equatorial climate, which characterizes some areas close to the Equator.

It houses the largest river basin, irrigated by rivers in nine countries: Brazil, French Guiana, Ecuador, Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, Suriname, Republic of Guyana and it is considered one of the largest tropical forests.






The Pantanal and its Region

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